Physiology
Acceptable Spirometry

Physiology7 Sep 2011
Spirometry is effort dependent and the spirometric technician should encourage the subjects to perform with the maximal possible effort. Certain criteria are recommended by the ATS-ERS Task Force on the Standardization of Lung Function Testing (2005) for obtaining acceptable and reproducible flow-volume loop. 1) Start of Test Criteria The back extrapolated volume (EV) should be less than 5% of FVC or 0.150 liter whichever is greater. Spirometers generally alert the technician if the start of...
Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy

Physiology28 Sep 2014
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterised by 1.grade 4 clubbing of fingers or toes, 2.symmetrical periostitis of long bones distally 3.arthropathy of wrists, ankles, knees Other name Marie-Bamberger Syndrome Pierre-Marie-Bamberger Syndrome Symptoms Swelling and extreme pain of the affected limbs (wrists, ankles, knees and elbows, fingers and toes, long bones distally) Stiffness of the joints may occur Edema of the hand and foot can occur Fever can...